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book of Hebrews: better from Greek, or Aramaic?
#33
*corruption in the Masoretic: did Elhanan slay Goliath, or the brother of Goliath?*
Does anyone here believe the Masoretic's claim that Elhanan killed Goliath?

1 Samuel 17 (JPS Tanakh 1917), https://biblehub.com/jps/1_samuel/17.htm
48 And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and drew nigh to meet David, that David hastened, and ran toward the army to meet the Philistine. 49 And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone, and slung it, and smote the Philistine in his forehead; and the stone sank into his forehead, and he fell upon his face to the earth. 50 So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David. 51 And David ran, and stood over the Philistine, and took his sword, and drew it out of the sheath thereof, and slew him, and cut off his head therewith. And when the Philistines saw that their mighty man was dead, they fled.

Masoretic: Elhanan slew Goliath, vs. Elhanan slew the brother of Goliath -- inconsistent
2 Samuel 21:19 (JPS Tanakh 1917), https://biblehub.com/jps/2_samuel/21.htm
And there was again war with the Philistines at Gob; and Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim the Beth-lehemite slew Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam.
1 Chronicles 20:5 (JPS Tanakh 1917), https://biblehub.com/jps/1_chronicles/20.htm
And there was again war with the Philistines; and Elhanan the son of Jair slew Lahmi the brother of Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam.

LXX: Eleanan slew Goliath, vs. Eleanan smote the brother of Goliath -- inconsistent
2 Samuel 21:19 (Brenton Septuagint Translation), https://biblehub.com/sep/2_samuel/21.htm
And there was a battle in Rom with the Philistines; and Eleanan son of Ariorgim the Bethleemite slew Goliath the Gittite; and the staff of his spear was as a weaver's beam.
1 Chronicles 20:5 (Brenton Septuagint Translation), https://biblehub.com/sep/1_chronicles/20.htm
And there was war again with the Philistines; and Eleanan the son of Jair smote Lachmi the brother of Goliath the Gittite, and the wood of his spear was as a weavers' beam.

Peshitta Tanakh: Elhanan slew a brother of Goliath, vs. Elhanan slew the brother of Goliath -- *consistent*
2 Samuel 21:19 (Peshitta Tanakh, Lamsa translation), http://superbook.org/LAMSA/2SA/2sa21.htm
And there was again war between Israel and the Philistines, and Elhanan the son of Malap a weaver, a Beth-lehemite, slew a brother of Goliath the Philistine, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam.
1 Chronicles 20:5 (Peshitta Tanakh, Lamsa translation), http://superbook.org/LAMSA/1CH/1ch20.htm
And there was war again with the Philistines; and Elhanan the son of Jair slew Lahmi of the descendants of the giants, who was the brother of Goliath the mighty man of Gath, whose spear staff was like a weaver’s beam.

DSS: its 2 Samuel 21:19 and 1 Chronicles 20:5 are lost to the sands of time.

_Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English_, translated and with commentary by Martin Abegg Jr., Peter Flint & Eugene Ulrich (1999), 649pp., 632
The extensive Samuel manuscript, 4QSam^a, frequently varies from the traditional text in large and significant ways, and *half the time its text is to be preferred to the Masoretic Text.* More important, *4QSam^a often agrees with Chronicles, the Septuagint, and the narrative of the historian Flavius Josephus, against the isolated Masoretic* narrative.

Who killed Goliath, David or Elhanan?
https://carm.org/who-killed-goliath-david-or-elhanan
Second, it appears there was a copyist error in 2 Samuel 21:19. According to Gleason Archer's Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties on page 179, it says,
The sign of the direct object, which in Chronicles comes just before "Lahmi," was '-t; the copyist mistook it for b-t or b-y-t ("Beth") and thus got Bet hal-Lahmi ("the Bethlehemite") out of it.
He misread the word for "brother" ('-h) as the sign of the direct object ('-t) right before g-l-y-t ("Goliath"). Thus he made "Goliath" the object of "killed" (wayyak), instead of the "brother" of Goliath (as the Chronicles passage does).
The copyist misplaced the word for "weavers" ('-r-g-ym) so as to put it right after "Elhanan" as his patronymic (ben Y-'-r-y'-r-- g- ym, or ben ya 'arey 'ore - gim -- "the son of the forests of weavers" -- a most unlikely name for anyone's father!). In Chronicles the 'ore grim ("weavers") comes right after menor ("a beam of") -- thus making perfectly good sense.
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RE: book of Hebrews: better from Greek, or Aramaic? - by DavidFord - 03-17-2019, 01:23 AM

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