What's the identity of the person described in Isaiah 52:13-53:13?
Jonathan ben Uzziel authored 2,000 years ago an Aramaic Targum i.e. paraphrase & interpretation of Isaiah, which Tzvi Nassi aka Christian William Henry Pauli translated. Jonathan ben Uzziel "lived thirty years before the birth of" Yeshua Meshikha, and "was a disciple of Hillel." He's a different person than "the Pseudo Jonathan Ben Uziel, who wrote a Chaldee Paraphrase on the Pentateuch and the hagiographical books."
_The Chaldee paraphrase on the prophet Isaiah [by Jonathan b. Uzziel]_ (1871), translated by C.W.H. Pauli
https://archive.org/stream/chaldeeparaph...g_djvu.txt
hat tip: _Targum Isaiah In English with Parallel Jewish and Christian Texts_ (2012), 248pp.
https://www.amazon.com/Tsiyon-Targum-Eng...96794712X/
13 Behold, *my servant the Messiah shall prosper.* He shall be exalted and extolled, and He shall be very strong. 14 As the house of Israel anxiously hoped for Him many days, (which was poor among the nations ; their appearance and their brightness being worse than that of the sons of men : ) 15 Thus shall He scatter many nations; before Him kings shall keep silence : they shall put their hands upon their mouths, for that which had not been told them shall they see: and that which they had not heard shall they consider.
Chapter LIII
1 Who hath believed this our report? and to whom is now the power of the arm of the Lord revealed? 2 The righteous shall be great before Him, behold, like branches that bud; and like a tree which sends forth its roots by the streams of water, thus shall the generation of the just multiply in the land, which hath need of Him. 3 His visage shall not be the visage of a common person, neither His fear the fear of a plebeian ; but a holy brightness shall be His brightness, that every one who seeth Him shall contemplate Him. 4 Although He shall be in contempt ; yet He shall cut off the glory of all the wicked, they shall be weak and wretched. Lo, we are in contempt and not esteemed, as a man of pain and appointed to sickness, and as if He had removed the face of His Shekinah from us. 5 Therefore *He shall pray for our sins, and our* *iniquities for His sake shall be forgiven us;* for we are considered crushed, smitten of the Lord, and affllicted.
6 He shall build the house of the sanctuary,which has been profaned on account of our sins ; *He was delivered over on account of our iniquities,* *and through His doctrine peace shall* *be multiplied upon us, and through the teaching* *of His words our sins shall be forgiven us.* 7 All we like sheep have been scattered, every one of us has turned to his own way ; *it pleased* *the Lord to forgive the sins of all of us for His sake.* 8 He shall pray and He shall be answered, yea, before He shall open His mouth. He shall be heard ; He shall deliver over the mighty of the nations as a lamb to the slaughter, and like a sheep before her shearers is dumb, none shall in His presence open his mouth, or speak a word. 9 *He shall gather our captives from affliction* *and pain, and who shall be able to narrate the* *wonderful works which shall be done for us in His days?* He shall remove the rule of the nations from the land of Israel, the sins which my people have committed have come upon them. 10 And He shall deliver the wicked into hell, and the riches of treasures which they got by violence unto the death of Abaddon, that they who commit sin shall not remain, and that they should not speak folly with their mouth.
11 And it was the pleasure of the Lord to refine and to purify the remnant of His people, in order to cleanse their souls from sin, that they might *see the kingdom of their Messiah,* that their sons and daughters might multiply, and prolong their days, and those that keep the law of the Lord shall prosper through His pleasure. 12 He shall deliver their souls from the servitude of the nations, they shall see the vengeance upon their enemies; they shall be satisfied with the spoil of their kings. By His wisdom He shall justify the righteous, in order to make many to keep the law, and *He shall pray for their sins.* 13 Therefore I will divide to Him the spoil of many people, and the treasures of strong fortifications; *He shall divide the spoil;* because *He has delivered His life unto death,* and He shall make the rebellious to keep the law; *He shall pray* *for the sins of many, and as for the transgressors,* *each shall be pardoned for His sake.*
Isaiah 53 (Brenton Septuagint Translation)
https://biblehub.com/sep/isaiah/53.htm
1 O Lord, who has believed our report?
and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?
2 We brought a report as of a child before him;
he is as a root in a thirsty land:
he has no form nor comeliness;
and we saw him,
but he had no form nor beauty.
3 But his form was ignoble,
and inferior to that of the children of men;
he was a man in suffering,
and acquainted with the bearing of sickness,
for his face is turned from us:
he was dishonoured, and not esteemed.
4 *He bears our sins,*
and is pained for us:
yet we accounted him to be in trouble,
and in suffering, and in affliction.
5 But *he was wounded on account of our sins,*
and *was bruised because of our iniquities:*
*the chastisement of our peace was upon him;*
and *by his bruises we were healed.*
6 All we as sheep have gone astray;
every one has gone astray in his way;
and *the Lord gave him up for our sins.*
7 And he, because of his affliction,
opens not his mouth:
he was led as a sheep to the slaughter,
and as a lamb before the shearer is dumb,
so he opens not his mouth.
8 In his humiliation his judgment was taken away:
who shall declare his generation?
for his life is taken away from the earth:
*because of the iniquities of my people he was led to death.*
9 And I will give the wicked for his burial,
and the rich for his death;
for he practised no iniquity,
nor craft with his mouth.
10 The Lord also is pleased to purge him from his stroke.
If ye can give an offering for sin,
your soul shall see a long-lived seed:
11 the Lord also is pleased to take away from the travail of his soul,
to shew him light,
and to form him with understanding;
to justify the just one who serves many well;
and *he shall bear their sins.*
12 Therefore he shall inherit many,
and he shall divide the spoils of the mighty;
because his soul was delivered to death:
and he was numbered among the transgressors;
and *he bore the sins of many,*
and *was delivered because of their iniquities.*
"he is explicitly identified on several occasions as 'Israel'”
In which Isaiah 53 verses do you see reference to the nation of Israel?
To get what's below, I altered the Isaiah 53 text, and inserted 'nation of Israel,' 'Israel,' 'she,' 'her,' and 'woman.' Does this sound right to you?:
1 O Lord, who has believed our report?
and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?
2 We brought a report as of a child before him;
the nation of Israel is as a root in a thirsty land:
she has no form nor comeliness;
and we saw her,
but Israel had no form nor beauty.
3 But her form was ignoble,
and inferior to that of the children of men;
she was a woman in suffering,
and acquainted with the bearing of sickness,
for her face is turned from us:
she was dishonoured, and not esteemed.
4 She bears our sins,
and is pained for us:
yet we accounted her to be in trouble,
and in suffering, and in affliction.
5 But she was wounded on account of our sins,
and was bruised because of our iniquities:
the chastisement of our peace was upon her;
and by her bruises we were healed.
6 All we as sheep have gone astray;
every one has gone astray in his way;
and the Lord gave her up for our sins.
7 And she, because of her affliction,
opens not her mouth:
she was led as a sheep to the slaughter,
and as a lamb before the shearer is dumb,
so she opens not her mouth.
8 In her humiliation her judgment was taken away:
who shall declare her generation?
for her life is taken away from the earth:
because of the iniquities of my people she was led to death.
9 And I will give the wicked for her burial,
and the rich for her death;
for she practised no iniquity,
nor craft with her mouth.
10 The Lord also is pleased to purge her from his stroke.
If ye can give an offering for sin,
your soul shall see a long-lived seed:
11 the Lord also is pleased to take away from the travail of her soul,
to shew her light,
and to form her with understanding;
to justify the just one who serves many well;
and she shall bear their sins.
12 Therefore she shall inherit many,
and she shall divide the spoils of the mighty;
because her soul was delivered to death:
and she was numbered among the transgressors;
and she bore the sins of many,
and was delivered because of their iniquities.
Jonathan ben Uzziel authored 2,000 years ago an Aramaic Targum i.e. paraphrase & interpretation of Isaiah, which Tzvi Nassi aka Christian William Henry Pauli translated. Jonathan ben Uzziel "lived thirty years before the birth of" Yeshua Meshikha, and "was a disciple of Hillel." He's a different person than "the Pseudo Jonathan Ben Uziel, who wrote a Chaldee Paraphrase on the Pentateuch and the hagiographical books."
_The Chaldee paraphrase on the prophet Isaiah [by Jonathan b. Uzziel]_ (1871), translated by C.W.H. Pauli
https://archive.org/stream/chaldeeparaph...g_djvu.txt
hat tip: _Targum Isaiah In English with Parallel Jewish and Christian Texts_ (2012), 248pp.
https://www.amazon.com/Tsiyon-Targum-Eng...96794712X/
13 Behold, *my servant the Messiah shall prosper.* He shall be exalted and extolled, and He shall be very strong. 14 As the house of Israel anxiously hoped for Him many days, (which was poor among the nations ; their appearance and their brightness being worse than that of the sons of men : ) 15 Thus shall He scatter many nations; before Him kings shall keep silence : they shall put their hands upon their mouths, for that which had not been told them shall they see: and that which they had not heard shall they consider.
Chapter LIII
1 Who hath believed this our report? and to whom is now the power of the arm of the Lord revealed? 2 The righteous shall be great before Him, behold, like branches that bud; and like a tree which sends forth its roots by the streams of water, thus shall the generation of the just multiply in the land, which hath need of Him. 3 His visage shall not be the visage of a common person, neither His fear the fear of a plebeian ; but a holy brightness shall be His brightness, that every one who seeth Him shall contemplate Him. 4 Although He shall be in contempt ; yet He shall cut off the glory of all the wicked, they shall be weak and wretched. Lo, we are in contempt and not esteemed, as a man of pain and appointed to sickness, and as if He had removed the face of His Shekinah from us. 5 Therefore *He shall pray for our sins, and our* *iniquities for His sake shall be forgiven us;* for we are considered crushed, smitten of the Lord, and affllicted.
6 He shall build the house of the sanctuary,which has been profaned on account of our sins ; *He was delivered over on account of our iniquities,* *and through His doctrine peace shall* *be multiplied upon us, and through the teaching* *of His words our sins shall be forgiven us.* 7 All we like sheep have been scattered, every one of us has turned to his own way ; *it pleased* *the Lord to forgive the sins of all of us for His sake.* 8 He shall pray and He shall be answered, yea, before He shall open His mouth. He shall be heard ; He shall deliver over the mighty of the nations as a lamb to the slaughter, and like a sheep before her shearers is dumb, none shall in His presence open his mouth, or speak a word. 9 *He shall gather our captives from affliction* *and pain, and who shall be able to narrate the* *wonderful works which shall be done for us in His days?* He shall remove the rule of the nations from the land of Israel, the sins which my people have committed have come upon them. 10 And He shall deliver the wicked into hell, and the riches of treasures which they got by violence unto the death of Abaddon, that they who commit sin shall not remain, and that they should not speak folly with their mouth.
11 And it was the pleasure of the Lord to refine and to purify the remnant of His people, in order to cleanse their souls from sin, that they might *see the kingdom of their Messiah,* that their sons and daughters might multiply, and prolong their days, and those that keep the law of the Lord shall prosper through His pleasure. 12 He shall deliver their souls from the servitude of the nations, they shall see the vengeance upon their enemies; they shall be satisfied with the spoil of their kings. By His wisdom He shall justify the righteous, in order to make many to keep the law, and *He shall pray for their sins.* 13 Therefore I will divide to Him the spoil of many people, and the treasures of strong fortifications; *He shall divide the spoil;* because *He has delivered His life unto death,* and He shall make the rebellious to keep the law; *He shall pray* *for the sins of many, and as for the transgressors,* *each shall be pardoned for His sake.*
Isaiah 53 (Brenton Septuagint Translation)
https://biblehub.com/sep/isaiah/53.htm
1 O Lord, who has believed our report?
and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?
2 We brought a report as of a child before him;
he is as a root in a thirsty land:
he has no form nor comeliness;
and we saw him,
but he had no form nor beauty.
3 But his form was ignoble,
and inferior to that of the children of men;
he was a man in suffering,
and acquainted with the bearing of sickness,
for his face is turned from us:
he was dishonoured, and not esteemed.
4 *He bears our sins,*
and is pained for us:
yet we accounted him to be in trouble,
and in suffering, and in affliction.
5 But *he was wounded on account of our sins,*
and *was bruised because of our iniquities:*
*the chastisement of our peace was upon him;*
and *by his bruises we were healed.*
6 All we as sheep have gone astray;
every one has gone astray in his way;
and *the Lord gave him up for our sins.*
7 And he, because of his affliction,
opens not his mouth:
he was led as a sheep to the slaughter,
and as a lamb before the shearer is dumb,
so he opens not his mouth.
8 In his humiliation his judgment was taken away:
who shall declare his generation?
for his life is taken away from the earth:
*because of the iniquities of my people he was led to death.*
9 And I will give the wicked for his burial,
and the rich for his death;
for he practised no iniquity,
nor craft with his mouth.
10 The Lord also is pleased to purge him from his stroke.
If ye can give an offering for sin,
your soul shall see a long-lived seed:
11 the Lord also is pleased to take away from the travail of his soul,
to shew him light,
and to form him with understanding;
to justify the just one who serves many well;
and *he shall bear their sins.*
12 Therefore he shall inherit many,
and he shall divide the spoils of the mighty;
because his soul was delivered to death:
and he was numbered among the transgressors;
and *he bore the sins of many,*
and *was delivered because of their iniquities.*
"he is explicitly identified on several occasions as 'Israel'”
In which Isaiah 53 verses do you see reference to the nation of Israel?
To get what's below, I altered the Isaiah 53 text, and inserted 'nation of Israel,' 'Israel,' 'she,' 'her,' and 'woman.' Does this sound right to you?:
1 O Lord, who has believed our report?
and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?
2 We brought a report as of a child before him;
the nation of Israel is as a root in a thirsty land:
she has no form nor comeliness;
and we saw her,
but Israel had no form nor beauty.
3 But her form was ignoble,
and inferior to that of the children of men;
she was a woman in suffering,
and acquainted with the bearing of sickness,
for her face is turned from us:
she was dishonoured, and not esteemed.
4 She bears our sins,
and is pained for us:
yet we accounted her to be in trouble,
and in suffering, and in affliction.
5 But she was wounded on account of our sins,
and was bruised because of our iniquities:
the chastisement of our peace was upon her;
and by her bruises we were healed.
6 All we as sheep have gone astray;
every one has gone astray in his way;
and the Lord gave her up for our sins.
7 And she, because of her affliction,
opens not her mouth:
she was led as a sheep to the slaughter,
and as a lamb before the shearer is dumb,
so she opens not her mouth.
8 In her humiliation her judgment was taken away:
who shall declare her generation?
for her life is taken away from the earth:
because of the iniquities of my people she was led to death.
9 And I will give the wicked for her burial,
and the rich for her death;
for she practised no iniquity,
nor craft with her mouth.
10 The Lord also is pleased to purge her from his stroke.
If ye can give an offering for sin,
your soul shall see a long-lived seed:
11 the Lord also is pleased to take away from the travail of her soul,
to shew her light,
and to form her with understanding;
to justify the just one who serves many well;
and she shall bear their sins.
12 Therefore she shall inherit many,
and she shall divide the spoils of the mighty;
because her soul was delivered to death:
and she was numbered among the transgressors;
and she bore the sins of many,
and was delivered because of their iniquities.