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"Master YHWH" and "I AM"s in the Peshitta
#38
more Semitic idioms:
"son of __________"
"who shall declare his generation?"
"gird up your loins"
"set his face to go to _____________"
"in/before the face of"

In the original Aramaic of the NT, "son of" and "son (of)" appear frequently, often as part of an idiom. To illustrate:
son of its hour: immediately
son of the rooftop: a lunatic
son of the city: a citizen
son of a man: typically means "a man"/ human/ human being
sons of his house: his family members
At least in Arabic, a "son of the road" is a traveler.
From Errico, 11:
bar-zuaga: son of the yoke, i.e. a companion/friend
bar-hila: son of power, i.e. a soldier
bar-yolpana: son of learning, i.e. a student

Most-- but not all-- of those Aramaic idioms were dispensed with in the translation from Aramaic into Greek. Here are some instances where the Aramaic idiom was retained:

sons of the bridal chamber: wedding guests

Mark 2:19 (HCSB)
<!-- m --><a class="postlink" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=mark%202%3A19&version=MOUNCE;DARBY;HCSB;NIV">https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?s ... Y;HCSB;NIV</a><!-- m -->
Jesus said to them,
"The wedding guests[a: Lit _The sons of the bridal chamber_] cannot fast
while the groom is with them, can they?
As long as they have the groom with them,
they cannot fast.

son of peace: a peaceful person

Luke 10:6 (HCSB)
<!-- m --><a class="postlink" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=luke+10%3A6&version=MOUNCE;DARBY;HCSB;NIV">https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?s ... Y;HCSB;NIV</a><!-- m -->
If a son of peace[a: A peaceful person; one open to the message of the kingdom] is there,
your peace will rest on him;
but if not,
it will return to you.

son of destruction: one destined for destruction

John 17:12 (HCSB)
<!-- m --><a class="postlink" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=john%2017%3A12&version=MOUNCE;DARBY;HCSB;NIV">https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?s ... Y;HCSB;NIV</a><!-- m -->
While I was with them,
I was protecting them by Your name
that You have given Me.
I guarded them and not one of them is lost,
except the son of destruction,[a: The one destined for destruction, loss, or perdition]
so that the Scripture may be fulfilled.

2 Thessalonians 2:3 (HCSB)
<!-- m --><a class="postlink" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Thessalonians+2%3A3&version=MOUNCE;DARBY;HCSB;NIV">https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?s ... Y;HCSB;NIV</a><!-- m -->
Don?t let anyone deceive you in any way.
For that day will not come unless the apostasy comes first
and the man of lawlessness is revealed,
the son of destruction.

son of man: typically means "a man"

Hebrews 2:6, quoting the OT (NIV)
<!-- m --><a class="postlink" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=HEBREWS+2%3A6&version=MOUNCE;DARBY;HCSB;NIV">https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?s ... Y;HCSB;NIV</a><!-- m -->
"What is mankind that you are mindful of them,
a son of man that you care for him?

son of encouragement: an encourager

Acts 4:36 (NIV)
<!-- m --><a class="postlink" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=acts+4%3A36&version=MOUNCE;DARBY;HCSB;NIV">https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?s ... Y;HCSB;NIV</a><!-- m -->
Joseph, a Levite from Cyprus, whom the apostles called Barnabas (which means "son of encouragement"),
Compare
Acts 4:36 (Younan, directly from the original Aramaic)
Now Yosip, he who was named by the Shelikha 'Bar-Naba,' which is interpreted 'Bara-d'Buoyaa' [Son of Comfort/ Consolation/ Encouragement/ Prophecy], a Levite from the region of Cyprus?.

Mark 3:17
and Yaqub the son of Zawdee and Yukhanan the brother of Yaqub, to them he gave the name Bnay-Raghshee, that is, Bnay-Raima [Sons of Thunder]

Here are some additional instances of "bar-" i.e. "son of" as part of people's names:

KJV
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Matthew 10:3
Philip, and Bartholomew?.
Matthew 16:17
And Jesus answered and said unto him, Blessed art thou, Simon Barjona [son of Jonah]....
Matthew 27:17
Therefore when they were gathered together, Pilate said unto them, Whom will ye that I release unto you? Barabbas [son of Father, resembles his father], or Jesus which is called Christ?

Mark 10:46
And they came to Jericho: and as he went out of Jericho with his disciples and a great number of people, blind Bartimaeus [son of Unclean], the son of Timaeus, sat by the highway side begging.

Acts 1:23
And they appointed two, Joseph called Barsabas, who was surnamed Justus, and Matthias.
Acts 13:6
And when they had gone through the isle unto Paphos, they found a certain sorcerer, a false prophet, a Jew, whose name was Barjesus [son of Jesus/Joshua]?.

===============================.
The idiom "who shall declare his generation?" means 'his line was cut off/ he had no surviving descendants to carry on the family name. See the PDF
<!-- m --><a class="postlink" href="http://ia802503.us.archive.org/18/items/WastheNewTestamentReallyWritteninGreek1e/WastheNewTestamentReallyWritteninGreek1e.pdf">http://ia802503.us.archive.org/18/items ... reek1e.pdf</a><!-- m -->
which is linked to from
<!-- m --><a class="postlink" href="https://freelibs.org/peshitta/">https://freelibs.org/peshitta/</a><!-- m -->

This Semitic idiom appears in both the OT and the NT:

Isaiah 53:8
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He was taken from prison and from judgment:
and who shall declare his generation?
for he was cut off out of the land of the living:
for the transgression of my people was he stricken.

Acts 8:33
In his humiliation his judgment was taken away:
and who shall declare his generation?
for his life is taken from the earth.

============================.
The Semitic idiom "gird up your loins" means 'get dressed and ready to move out/ gather up your coat's folds and get ready to run/ get prepared.' It appears in the OT, and twice in the Greek translation of the Aramaic NT:

Luke 12:35
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Let your loins be girded about,
and your lights burning;

1 Peter 1:13
Wherefore gird up the loins of your mind,
be sober,
and hope to the end for the grace that is to be brought unto you at the revelation of Jesus Christ;

Exodus 12:11
And thus shall ye eat it; with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste: it is the Lord's passover.

1 Kings 18:46
And the hand of the Lord was on Elijah; and he girded up his loins, and ran before Ahab to the entrance of Jezreel.

2 Kings 4:29
Then he said to Gehazi, Gird up thy loins, and take my staff in thine hand, and go thy way: if thou meet any man, salute him not; and if any salute thee, answer him not again: and lay my staff upon the face of the child.
2 Kings 9:1
And Elisha the prophet called one of the children of the prophets, and said unto him, Gird up thy loins, and take this box of oil in thine hand, and go to Ramothgilead:

Job 38:3
Gird up now thy loins like a man;
for I will demand of thee,
and answer thou me.

Jeremiah 1:17
Thou therefore gird up thy loins, and arise, and speak unto them all that I command thee?.

==============================.
idiom "set his face to go to ____________"

If someone 'sets his face to go to' a geographical location, that means he has decided to go to that place. This Semitic idiom appears twice in the narration of Luke 9:51-53, and several times in the OT:

Luke 9:51-53 (KJV)
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And it came to pass, when the time was come that he should be received up, he stedfastly set his face to go to Jerusalem,
And sent messengers before his face: and they went, and entered into a village of the Samaritans, to make ready for him.
And they did not receive him, because his face was as though he would go to Jerusalem.

Genesis 31:21
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So he fled with all that he had; and he rose up, and passed over the river, and set his face toward the mount Gilead.

Numbers 24:1
And when Balaam saw that it pleased the Lord to bless Israel, he went not, as at other times, to seek for enchantments, but he set his face toward the wilderness.

2 Kings 12:17
Then Hazael king of Syria went up, and fought against Gath, and took it: and Hazael set his face to go up to Jerusalem.

Jeremiah 42:15
And now therefore hear the word of the Lord, ye remnant of Judah; Thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel;
If ye wholly set your faces to enter into Egypt,
and go to sojourn there?.
Jeremiah 42:17
So shall it be with all the men that set their faces to go into Egypt to sojourn there; they shall die by the sword....
Jeremiah 44:12
And I will take the remnant of Judah, that have set their faces to go into the land of Egypt to sojourn there, and they shall all be consumed, and fall in the land of Egypt....

Ezekiel 21:16
Go thee one way or other, either on the right hand, or on the left, whithersoever thy face is set.

==================================.
idiom "in/before the face of"

The Semiticism "the face of the Lord" appears in the OT, and twice in the NT. The Semiticism "before the face of" can mean 'in the sight of' or 'in advance of another's going/coming.' It appears in the OT, and in the NT:

Psalm 34:16
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The face of the Lord is against them that do evil,
to cut off the remembrance of them from the earth.

Luke 1:76
And thou, child, shalt be called the prophet of the Highest:
for thou shalt go before the face of the Lord to prepare his ways;

1 Peter 3:12, with the last line quoting Psalm 34:16
For the eyes of the Lord are over the righteous,
and his ears are open unto their prayers:
but the face of the Lord is against them that do evil.

Genesis 19:13
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For we will destroy this place,
because the cry of them is waxen great before the face of the Lord;
and the Lord hath sent us to destroy it.

1 Samuel 26:20
Now therefore, let not my blood fall to the earth before the face of the Lord:
for the king of Israel is come out to seek a flea,
as when one doth hunt a partridge in the mountains.

Lamentations 2:19
Arise, cry out in the night:
in the beginning of the watches pour out thine heart
like water before the face of the Lord:
lift up thy hands toward him for the life of thy young children, that faint for hunger in the top of every street.
Lamentations 3:35
To turn aside the right of a man before the face of the most High,

Ezekiel 14:3
Son of man, these men have set up their idols in their heart,
and put the stumblingblock of their iniquity before their face: should I be enquired of at all by them?

Joel 2:6
Before their face the people shall be much pained:
all faces shall gather blackness.

Luke 2:31
Which thou hast prepared before the face of all people;

Acts 7:45
Which also our fathers that came after brought in with Jesus into the possession of the Gentiles, whom God drave out before the face of our fathers, unto the days of David;

These are from Luke's narration, and not from his quoting of Semites:

Luke 9:52
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And sent messengers before his face: and they went, and entered into a village of the Samaritans, to make ready for him.

Luke 10:1
After these things the Lord appointed other seventy also, and sent them two and two before his face into every city and place, whither he himself would come.
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Re: "Master YHWH" and "I AM"s in the Peshitta - by DavidFord - 01-18-2015, 12:57 PM

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