Revelation 8:2 - And I saw [the seven angels] who stood before GOD and were given [seven ram's horns].
ram's horns - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The Greek NA28, MHT and TR read: "Trumpets." The word "ram's horn" occurs 7 times in the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta of the book of Revelation, in 7 verses; 3 times in the plural and 4 times in the singular.
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Do you think Revelation 8:7 originally had:
"first sounded his trumpet, and"?
"first angel sounded, and"?
"first sounded, and"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"hail and fire mixed with water"?
"hail and fire mixed with blood"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"a third of the earth burned"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"all green grass was burned"?
"all grass of The Earth burned"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:7
Berean Literal Bible
And the first sounded _his_ trumpet, and there was hail and fire having been mixed with blood, and it was cast upon the earth. And a third of the earth was burned up, and a third of the trees were burned up, and all _the_ green grass was burned up.
King James Bible
The first angel sounded, and there followed hail and fire mingled with blood, and they were cast upon the earth: and the third part of trees was burnt up, and all green grass was burnt up.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the first sounded, and there was hail and fire mixed with water, and they were cast upon The Earth, and the third of The Earth was burned, and a third of the trees burned, and all the grass of The Earth burned.
Revelation 8:7 - [The first blew loudly,] and there came hail and fire mixed with water, and they were thrown to the earth and a third of the earth burned and a third of the trees burned and all the grass of the earth burned.
The first - in the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta and of the Greek NA28, MHT the word 'angel' is missing, as with the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th angel (the word 'angel' only appears for the first time with the 6th angel in Rev. 9:13 and by the 7th angel in Rev. 11:15). In the reading of the Greek TR, the word "angel" is everywhere and has probably been added for clarification.
water - only from the Aramean Peshitta does the reading "water". The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR is "blood". In Ez. 38:22 we find "pestilence" combined with "rain, hail and fire" as parts of God's judgment. In Ps. 105: 32 we find rain, hail, and fire as parts of the seventh plague on Egypt, though at that plague in the text of Ex. 9:13-35 the rain is not mentioned as special. Yet all this indicates that the Aramean Peshitta may have the correct text: "with water". ....
and a third of the earth burned - this is the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta and of the Greek NA28 and MHT. These words are only missing from the reading of the Greek TR. ....
all the grass of the earth - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads: "all the green grass".
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Do you think Revelation 8:8 originally had:
"mountain burning with fire"?
"burning mountain"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"was thrown"?
"fell"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:8
King James Bible
And the second angel sounded, and as it were a great mountain burning with fire was cast into the sea: and the third part of the sea became blood;
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the second sounded, and there was as a great burning mountain falling into the sea and a third of The Sea became blood.
Revelation 8:8 - [The second blew loudly,] and there was (something) like a great burning mountain falling into the sea, and a third of the sea became blood,
like a great burning mountain - this is the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta and of the Greek MHT. The Greek NA28 and TR read: "something like a great mountain burning with fire."
fell - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads: "was thrown."
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Do you think Revelation 8:9 originally had:
"third part of... third part of"?
"third of ... third of"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:9
New International Version
a third of the living creatures in the sea died, and a third of the ships were destroyed.
King James Bible
And the third part of the creatures which were in the sea, and had life, died; and the third part of the ships were destroyed.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And a third of all creatures that were in the Sea that had breath, died, and a third of ships was destroyed.
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Do you think Revelation 8:10 originally had:
"third angel sounded"?
"third sounded"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"burning like a torch"?
"burning like a flame"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:10
New International Version
The third angel sounded his trumpet, and a great star, blazing like a torch, fell from the sky on a third of the rivers and on the springs of water--
King James Bible
And the third angel sounded, and there fell a great star from heaven, burning as it were a lamp, and it fell upon the third part of the rivers, and upon the fountains of waters;
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the third sounded, and a great burning star fell from the sky like a blaze and it fell on a third of the rivers and upon the springs of water,
Rev 8:10 (APNT)
https://aramaicdb.lightofword.org/en/new...ons-search
And the third [angel] sounded and a large star fell from heaven that was burning as a flame and it fell on a third of the rivers and on the fountains of waters.
Revelation 8:10 - [The third blew loudly,] and a great star fell from heaven burning like a flame of fire, and it fell on a third of the rivers and on the springs of water.
like a flame of fire - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR is "like a torch."
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Do you think Revelation 8:11 originally had:
"third part of"?
"third of"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:11
New International Version
the name of the star is Wormwood. A third of the waters turned bitter, and many people died from the waters that had become bitter.
King James Bible
And the name of the star is called Wormwood: and the third part of the waters became wormwood; and many men died of the waters, because they were made bitter.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the name of the star is called Absinthian and a third of the water became like Absinthe and a multitude of people died because the waters were made toxic.
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Do you think Revelation 8:12 originally had:
"fourth angel sounded"?
"fourth sounded"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"third part of the sun"?
"third of the sun"?
Revelation 8:12
New International Version
The fourth angel sounded his trumpet, and a third of the sun was struck, a third of the moon, and a third of the stars, so that a third of them turned dark. A third of the day was without light, and also a third of the night.
King James Bible
And the fourth angel sounded, and the third part of the sun was smitten, and the third part of the moon, and the third part of the stars; so as the third part of them was darkened, and the day shone not for a third part of it, and the night likewise.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the fourth sounded and a third of the Sun was devoured and a third of the moon and a third of the stars, and a third of them became dark, and a third of the day did not appear, and the night likewise.
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Do you think Revelation 8:13 originally had:
"And I beheld, and heard"?
"And I heard"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"heard an angel"?
"heard an eagle"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"said in a loud voice"?
"said"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:13
New International Version
As I watched, I heard an eagle that was flying in midair call out in a loud voice: "Woe! Woe! Woe to the inhabitants of the earth, because of the trumpet blasts about to be sounded by the other three angels!"
King James Bible
And I beheld, and heard an angel flying through the midst of heaven, saying with a loud voice, Woe, woe, woe, to the inhabiters of the earth by reason of the other voices of the trumpet of the three angels, which are yet to sound!
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And I heard an eagle flying in the sky, which said, "Woe, woe, woe, to the inhabitants of The Earth from the sound of the trumpets of the three Angels who are going to sound!"
Revelation 8:13 - And I heard an eagle flying across the sky, saying, “[Woe, woe, woe] to those who dwell on the earth because of the sound of the [ram's horns] of the three angels who will (yet) sound.
And I heard - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The Greek NA28, MHT and TR read: "And I saw and heard."
an eagle - this is the reading of the Greek NA28 and MHT and of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek TR and some other manuscripts reads: "an angel."
who said ... - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR is "who said in a loud voice".
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Do you think Revelation 9:2 originally had:
"And he opened the abyss, and smoke arose"?
"And smoke arose"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"smoke of a great furnace"?
"smoke of a burning furnace"?
"smoke of a great heated furnace"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:2
New International Version
When he opened the Abyss, smoke rose from it like the smoke from a gigantic furnace. The sun and sky were darkened by the smoke from the Abyss.
King James Bible
And he opened the bottomless pit; and there arose a smoke out of the pit, as the smoke of a great furnace; and the sun and the air were darkened by reason of the smoke of the pit.
World English Bible
He opened the pit of the abyss, and smoke went up out of the pit, like the smoke from a burning furnace. The sun and the air were darkened because of the smoke from the pit.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And smoke came up from the pit like the smoke of a great furnace which was heated, and the Sun and the air were darkened by the smoke of the pit.
Revelation 9:2 - And smoke came up out of the pit, like the smoke of a great heated furnace, and the sun and the sky were darkened by the smoke of the pit.
and smoke rose from the well - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The Greek NA28, MHT, and TR read, "And he opened the pit of the abyss, and smoke rose from the pit."
a large, heated furnace - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The Greek MHT reads, "a burning furnace," and the Greek NA28 and TR reads, "a great furnace."
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Do you think Revelation 9:4 originally literally had:
"on their foreheads"?
"between their eyes"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:4 - They were told not to harm the grass of the earth, any greenery or any tree, but only those people who did not have the seal of GOD on their foreheads.
green - see the note to Op. 6: 8 about "pale".
on their foreheads - the reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads: "on their foreheads", and the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta literally reads: "between their eyes".
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How do you think Revelation 9:10 originally read?
Revelation 9:10
Berean Literal Bible
And they have tails and stingers like scorpions,
and their power to injure men for five months _is_ in their tails.
Literal Standard Version
and they have tails like to scorpions,
and stings were in their tails;
and their authority [is] to injure men five months;
King James Bible
And they had tails like unto scorpions,
and there were stings in their tails:
and their power was to hurt men five months.
World English Bible
They have tails like those of scorpions,
and stings. In their tails
they have power to harm men for five months.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And they had tails like scorpions
and a sting in their tails,
and their authority is to hurt people for five months.
APNT
And they had tails like a scorpion
and stings in their tails
and their authority [was] to hurt men [for] five months.
Revelation 9:10 - and they had tails like scorpions, and had a stinger in their tail. And they had power to harm the people for five months (long).
And they had power ... five months ... - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek MHT reads: "And they had power in their tails to harm men, five months ... '' The reading of the Greek NA28 and TR reads: to inflict, five months ... '
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Do you think Revelation 9:11 originally had:
"Abaddon in Hebrew... Apollyon in Greek"?
"Abaddo in Hebrew... Shara in Aramaic"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:11
King James Bible
And they had a king over them, which is the angel of the bottomless pit, whose name in the Hebrew tongue is Abaddon, but in the Greek tongue hath his name Apollyon.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And there is a King over them, the Angel of The Abyss, whose name in Hebrew is Avadu, and in Aramaic his name is Shara.
Revelation 9:11 - They had a king over them, the angel of the abyss. His name is "Abaddo" in Hebrew and "Shara" in Aramaic.
explanation - the text gives the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads: "They had over them as king the angel of the abyss, in Hebrew his name is Abaddon and in Greek he has the name Apollion.' The Hebrew name 'Abaddo' or 'Abaddon' probably stands for 'slave' or 'servant'. The Aramaic name "Shara" probably means "strong" or "faithful". The Greek names Abaddon and Apollion, which we find in the reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR (while the Aramaic names are missing), both mean "destroyer".
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Do you think Revelation 9:15 originally had:
"third part of"
"third of"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:15
King James Bible
And the four angels were loosed, which were prepared for an hour, and a day, and a month, and a year, for to slay the third part of men.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And those four Angels were released who were prepared for an hour and for a day and for a month and for a year, to kill a third of the children of men.
Revelation 9:15 - The four angels, who stood ready for the hour and the day and the month and the year, were released to kill a third of the people.
a third - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of... reads: "a third part".
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Do you think Revelation 9:17 originally had:
"fire and brimstone and smoke"?
"fire and smoke and brimstone"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"jacinth"?
"chalcedony"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:17
King James Bible
And thus I saw the horses in the vision, and them that sat on them, having breastplates of fire, and of jacinth, and brimstone: and the heads of the horses were as the heads of lions; and out of their mouths issued fire and smoke and brimstone.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And in this way I saw the horses in a vision, and those sitting upon them had breastplates of fire and Chalcedony brimstone, and the heads of the horses were like the heads of lions, and fire and brimstone and smoke proceeded from their mouths.
Revelation 9:17, based on Greg Glaser's interlinear of Crawford, dukhrana.com
And to those sitting/seats upon them having armor/pulses/joints of fire/mirror and chalcedony.
And the skulls of sulphur/brimstone of their harnessed horses [were] like skulls of lions.
And from their mouths/entrances/edges/swords goes out fire and sulfur/brimstone and smoke.
Revelation 9:17 - So I saw the horses in the vision, and those who sat on them had fire (red), chalcedony (blue), and sulfur (yellow) armor of the breasts and the horses 'heads were like lions' heads and came out of their beaks fire and brimstone and smoke.
chalcedon [(blue)] - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. Chalcedony is a gemstone with a color close to hyacinth blue. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR is "hyacinth".
fire and brimstone and smoke - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads, "fire and smoke and brimstone," a slightly different order, also in vs. 18.
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Do you think Revelation 9:18 originally had:
"a third part"?
"a third"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"fire... smoke... sulfur"?
"fire... sulfur... smoke"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:18
New International Version
A third of mankind was killed by the three plagues of fire, smoke and sulfur that came out of their mouths.
King James Bible
By these three was the third part of men killed, by the fire, and by the smoke, and by the brimstone, which issued out of their mouths.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And by these three scourges a third of the children of men were killed: by the fire, by the brimstone and by the smoke that proceeded from their mouths,
Revelation 9:18 - These three plagues killed a third of the people: by the fire and by the sulfur and by the smoke that came out of their basins.
a third - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the... TR reads: "a third part".
through the fire and through the sulfur and through the smoke - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT, and TR reads, "through the fire and the smoke and the sulfur," a slightly different order, also in vs. 17.
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Do you think Revelation 9:19 originally had:
"For their power is in their mouth"?
"For the power of the horses [was] in their mouth"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"their tails, for their tails are like serpents with heads, and with them they do harm"?
"their tails"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:19
New International Version
The power of the horses was in their mouths and in their tails; for their tails were like snakes, having heads with which they inflict injury.
King James Bible
For their power is in their mouth, and in their tails: for their tails were like unto serpents, and had heads, and with them they do hurt.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
Because the power of the horses was in their mouths, and also in their tails.
Rev 9:19 (APNT)
https://aramaicdb.lightofword.org/en/new...ons-search
because the power of the horses [was] in their mouth[s] and also in their tails.
Revelation 9:19 - For the power of the horses is in their jaws and also in their tails.
For the power of the horses - this is the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta and of the Greek NA28 and MHT. The reading of the Greek TR is the reading: "For their power ...".
in their beaks and in their tails - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The Greek NA28, MHT, and TR read: "In their mouths and in their tails, for their tails are like serpents with heads, and with them they do harm."
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Do you think Revelation 9:20 originally had:
"stone and wood"?
"wood and stone"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:20
King James Bible
And the rest of the men which were not killed by these plagues yet repented not of the works of their hands, that they should not worship devils, and idols of gold, and silver, and brass, and stone, and of wood: which neither can see, nor hear, nor walk:
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the rest of the children of men who were not killed by the scourges did not turn from the work of their hands to not worship Devils and idols of gold, of silver and of brass, and of wood and of stone, which do not see, neither hear, nor are able to walk.
Revelation 9:20 - The rest of the people who were not killed by these plagues did not turn from the work of their hands because of the evil spirits and the idols of gold, silver, brass, wood, and stone that do not see and hear and don't walk, to worship,
wooden and stones - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR is just the other way around: "stones and wooden".
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Do you think Revelation 9:21 originally had:
"murders... sorceries... sexual immorality... thefts"?
"murders... drug use... sexual immorality"?
"murders... sorceries... sexual immorality"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:21
New International Version
Nor did they repent of their murders, their magic arts, their sexual immorality or their thefts.
King James Bible
Neither repented they of their murders, nor of their sorceries, nor of their fornication, nor of their thefts.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And they did not turn from their murders or from their witchcraft or from their fornication.
Rev 9:21 (APNT)
https://aramaicdb.lightofword.org/en/new...ons-search
And they did not repent of their murders or of their sorceries or of their fornication.
Revelation 9:21 - And they did not repent of their murders and of their sorceries and of their fornication.
sorceries - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta and the Greek NA28 and TR. The first meaning of the linguistic root associated with it has the meaning of "to be mute" or "to be numb." When someone is under a spell, he is speechless. Just like someone is in a trance, because in both cases someone else takes over the control of your consciousness. Therefore, there is also a linguistic connection with "stiffening" or "being petrified" or "dumbfounded. Only in the reading of the Greek MHT do we find the word "medicines" or "drugs" instead of "sorcery". [is that right?] But we can place "medicines" and "drugs", and certainly the latter, when we "fall into a trance" or, if necessary, "hallucinate". At this time they are sometimes referred to as "zombies". Enchanted people are therefore "zombies".
and of their fornication - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads below: "and of their thefts".
Do you think Rev 9:10 originally spoke of:
the use and administering of drugs?
the use of drugs to poison?
φαρμάκων/ φαρμακιῶν to be understood as Greek with a semitic-language-derived meaning of 'sorcery and black magic'?
google translate to some words at
https://biblehub.com/texts/revelation/9-21.htm
φαρμάκων drugs
φαρμακιῶν pharmacists
Pulpit Commentary on Galatians 5:20
https://biblehub.com/commentaries/galatians/5-20.htm
Verse 20. - Idolatry, witchcraft (εἰδωλολατρεία φαρμακεία); idolatry, sorcery. .... "Sorcery." The word φαρμακεία, originally denoting the use of drugs merely, means, sometimes, their use for poisoning; but this sense would not be very suitable here. But the nouns φαρμακός, φαρμακεύς, and φαρμακεία, like veneficus and veneficium in Latin, are also often used with reference to the employment of drugs in charms and incantations; and thence of the employment of black arts in general - magic, sorcery, witchcraft; cf. Revelation 9:21; Revelation 21:8; Revelation 22:15; where the Authorized Version gives "sorceries," "sorcerers;" and in the Septuagint, Exodus 7:11, 22; Exodus 8:18 (Authorized Version, "magicians"); Isaiah 47:9, 12 ("enchantments").
Strong's G5331 - pharmakeia
https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lex...ongs=g5331
3x in 3 unique form(s) TR
3x in 3 unique form(s) LXX ....
Outline of Biblical Usage
the use or the administering of drugs
poisoning
sorcery, magical arts, often found in connection with idolatry and fostered by it
metaph. the deceptions and seductions of idolatry
.... φαρμακεία pharmakeía, far-mak-i'-ah; from G5332; medication ("pharmacy"), i.e. (by extension) magic (literally or figuratively):—sorcery, witchcraft.
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 5331: φαρμακεία
φαρμακεία (WH κια, so T (except in Galatians 5:20; cf. the Proleg., p. 88); see Iota), φαρμακείας, ἡ (φαρμακεύω);
a. the use or the administering of drugs (Xenophon, mem. 4, 2, 17).
b. poisoning (Plato, Polybius, others): Revelation 9:21 (here WH text Tr marginal reading φαρμακῶν; many interpretations refer the passage to the next entry).
c. sorcery, magical arts, often found in connection with idolatry and fostered by it: Galatians 5:20 (where see Lightfoot) (Wis. 12:4 Wis. 18:13; for כְּשָׁפִים, Isaiah 47:9; for לָטִים, Exodus 7:22; Exodus 8:18; for לְהָטִים, Exodus 7:11); tropically, of the deceptions and seductions of idolatry, Revelation 18:23.
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A Student's Guide to New Testament Textual Variants, 1 minor tweak
http://bible.ovc.edu/terry/tc/lay30rev.htm
Revelation 9:21:
TEXT: "not repent of their murders nor of their sorcerous drugs nor"
EVIDENCE: p47 S C 1006 1611 1854 Maj(K,B) cop(north)
TRANSLATIONS: none
RANK: C
NOTES: "not repent of their murders nor of their sorceries nor"
EVIDENCE: A P 046 1 94 2053 2344 Maj(A,C) syr(p,h) most cop(south)
TRANSLATIONS: KJV ASV RSV NASV NIV NEB TEV
OTHER: "not repent of their murders nor"
EVIDENCE: two lat one cop(south)
COMMENTS: There are only one or two letters' (depending on how "sorceries" is spelled) difference between "sorcerous drugs" and "sorceries."
////////////////
http://dukhrana.com/lexicon/word.php?adr...ize=125%25
1 black magic arts, sorcery ....
her sorceries are many .... dogs of sorcery .... the Egyptian sorcerers also did it with their sorcery .... her many sorceries .... he led the people astray with his sorcery .... to overturn sorcery and magical practices .... a man must not bewitch grooms and brides with sorcery.
2 incantations Syr. (a) magical devices containing incantations ....
he buries incantations against him in a place and damages him.
http://dukhrana.com/peshitta/analyze_ver...ize=125%25
1 prostitution, fornication ....
debauchery, destructive acts, and fornication in it ....
2 fig. : unfaithfulness to God ....
Zimri, because of his whoring, twenty-four thousand of Israel fell....
(a) proper punishment thereof ....
they shall wander in this desert for forty years and receive the punishment for their whoring.
ram's horns - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The Greek NA28, MHT and TR read: "Trumpets." The word "ram's horn" occurs 7 times in the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta of the book of Revelation, in 7 verses; 3 times in the plural and 4 times in the singular.
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Do you think Revelation 8:7 originally had:
"first sounded his trumpet, and"?
"first angel sounded, and"?
"first sounded, and"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"hail and fire mixed with water"?
"hail and fire mixed with blood"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"a third of the earth burned"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"all green grass was burned"?
"all grass of The Earth burned"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:7
Berean Literal Bible
And the first sounded _his_ trumpet, and there was hail and fire having been mixed with blood, and it was cast upon the earth. And a third of the earth was burned up, and a third of the trees were burned up, and all _the_ green grass was burned up.
King James Bible
The first angel sounded, and there followed hail and fire mingled with blood, and they were cast upon the earth: and the third part of trees was burnt up, and all green grass was burnt up.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the first sounded, and there was hail and fire mixed with water, and they were cast upon The Earth, and the third of The Earth was burned, and a third of the trees burned, and all the grass of The Earth burned.
Revelation 8:7 - [The first blew loudly,] and there came hail and fire mixed with water, and they were thrown to the earth and a third of the earth burned and a third of the trees burned and all the grass of the earth burned.
The first - in the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta and of the Greek NA28, MHT the word 'angel' is missing, as with the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th angel (the word 'angel' only appears for the first time with the 6th angel in Rev. 9:13 and by the 7th angel in Rev. 11:15). In the reading of the Greek TR, the word "angel" is everywhere and has probably been added for clarification.
water - only from the Aramean Peshitta does the reading "water". The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR is "blood". In Ez. 38:22 we find "pestilence" combined with "rain, hail and fire" as parts of God's judgment. In Ps. 105: 32 we find rain, hail, and fire as parts of the seventh plague on Egypt, though at that plague in the text of Ex. 9:13-35 the rain is not mentioned as special. Yet all this indicates that the Aramean Peshitta may have the correct text: "with water". ....
and a third of the earth burned - this is the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta and of the Greek NA28 and MHT. These words are only missing from the reading of the Greek TR. ....
all the grass of the earth - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads: "all the green grass".
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Do you think Revelation 8:8 originally had:
"mountain burning with fire"?
"burning mountain"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"was thrown"?
"fell"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:8
King James Bible
And the second angel sounded, and as it were a great mountain burning with fire was cast into the sea: and the third part of the sea became blood;
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the second sounded, and there was as a great burning mountain falling into the sea and a third of The Sea became blood.
Revelation 8:8 - [The second blew loudly,] and there was (something) like a great burning mountain falling into the sea, and a third of the sea became blood,
like a great burning mountain - this is the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta and of the Greek MHT. The Greek NA28 and TR read: "something like a great mountain burning with fire."
fell - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads: "was thrown."
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Do you think Revelation 8:9 originally had:
"third part of... third part of"?
"third of ... third of"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:9
New International Version
a third of the living creatures in the sea died, and a third of the ships were destroyed.
King James Bible
And the third part of the creatures which were in the sea, and had life, died; and the third part of the ships were destroyed.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And a third of all creatures that were in the Sea that had breath, died, and a third of ships was destroyed.
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Do you think Revelation 8:10 originally had:
"third angel sounded"?
"third sounded"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"burning like a torch"?
"burning like a flame"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:10
New International Version
The third angel sounded his trumpet, and a great star, blazing like a torch, fell from the sky on a third of the rivers and on the springs of water--
King James Bible
And the third angel sounded, and there fell a great star from heaven, burning as it were a lamp, and it fell upon the third part of the rivers, and upon the fountains of waters;
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the third sounded, and a great burning star fell from the sky like a blaze and it fell on a third of the rivers and upon the springs of water,
Rev 8:10 (APNT)
https://aramaicdb.lightofword.org/en/new...ons-search
And the third [angel] sounded and a large star fell from heaven that was burning as a flame and it fell on a third of the rivers and on the fountains of waters.
Revelation 8:10 - [The third blew loudly,] and a great star fell from heaven burning like a flame of fire, and it fell on a third of the rivers and on the springs of water.
like a flame of fire - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR is "like a torch."
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Do you think Revelation 8:11 originally had:
"third part of"?
"third of"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:11
New International Version
the name of the star is Wormwood. A third of the waters turned bitter, and many people died from the waters that had become bitter.
King James Bible
And the name of the star is called Wormwood: and the third part of the waters became wormwood; and many men died of the waters, because they were made bitter.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the name of the star is called Absinthian and a third of the water became like Absinthe and a multitude of people died because the waters were made toxic.
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Do you think Revelation 8:12 originally had:
"fourth angel sounded"?
"fourth sounded"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"third part of the sun"?
"third of the sun"?
Revelation 8:12
New International Version
The fourth angel sounded his trumpet, and a third of the sun was struck, a third of the moon, and a third of the stars, so that a third of them turned dark. A third of the day was without light, and also a third of the night.
King James Bible
And the fourth angel sounded, and the third part of the sun was smitten, and the third part of the moon, and the third part of the stars; so as the third part of them was darkened, and the day shone not for a third part of it, and the night likewise.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the fourth sounded and a third of the Sun was devoured and a third of the moon and a third of the stars, and a third of them became dark, and a third of the day did not appear, and the night likewise.
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Do you think Revelation 8:13 originally had:
"And I beheld, and heard"?
"And I heard"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"heard an angel"?
"heard an eagle"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"said in a loud voice"?
"said"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 8:13
New International Version
As I watched, I heard an eagle that was flying in midair call out in a loud voice: "Woe! Woe! Woe to the inhabitants of the earth, because of the trumpet blasts about to be sounded by the other three angels!"
King James Bible
And I beheld, and heard an angel flying through the midst of heaven, saying with a loud voice, Woe, woe, woe, to the inhabiters of the earth by reason of the other voices of the trumpet of the three angels, which are yet to sound!
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And I heard an eagle flying in the sky, which said, "Woe, woe, woe, to the inhabitants of The Earth from the sound of the trumpets of the three Angels who are going to sound!"
Revelation 8:13 - And I heard an eagle flying across the sky, saying, “[Woe, woe, woe] to those who dwell on the earth because of the sound of the [ram's horns] of the three angels who will (yet) sound.
And I heard - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The Greek NA28, MHT and TR read: "And I saw and heard."
an eagle - this is the reading of the Greek NA28 and MHT and of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek TR and some other manuscripts reads: "an angel."
who said ... - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR is "who said in a loud voice".
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Do you think Revelation 9:2 originally had:
"And he opened the abyss, and smoke arose"?
"And smoke arose"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"smoke of a great furnace"?
"smoke of a burning furnace"?
"smoke of a great heated furnace"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:2
New International Version
When he opened the Abyss, smoke rose from it like the smoke from a gigantic furnace. The sun and sky were darkened by the smoke from the Abyss.
King James Bible
And he opened the bottomless pit; and there arose a smoke out of the pit, as the smoke of a great furnace; and the sun and the air were darkened by reason of the smoke of the pit.
World English Bible
He opened the pit of the abyss, and smoke went up out of the pit, like the smoke from a burning furnace. The sun and the air were darkened because of the smoke from the pit.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And smoke came up from the pit like the smoke of a great furnace which was heated, and the Sun and the air were darkened by the smoke of the pit.
Revelation 9:2 - And smoke came up out of the pit, like the smoke of a great heated furnace, and the sun and the sky were darkened by the smoke of the pit.
and smoke rose from the well - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The Greek NA28, MHT, and TR read, "And he opened the pit of the abyss, and smoke rose from the pit."
a large, heated furnace - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The Greek MHT reads, "a burning furnace," and the Greek NA28 and TR reads, "a great furnace."
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Do you think Revelation 9:4 originally literally had:
"on their foreheads"?
"between their eyes"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:4 - They were told not to harm the grass of the earth, any greenery or any tree, but only those people who did not have the seal of GOD on their foreheads.
green - see the note to Op. 6: 8 about "pale".
on their foreheads - the reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads: "on their foreheads", and the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta literally reads: "between their eyes".
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How do you think Revelation 9:10 originally read?
Revelation 9:10
Berean Literal Bible
And they have tails and stingers like scorpions,
and their power to injure men for five months _is_ in their tails.
Literal Standard Version
and they have tails like to scorpions,
and stings were in their tails;
and their authority [is] to injure men five months;
King James Bible
And they had tails like unto scorpions,
and there were stings in their tails:
and their power was to hurt men five months.
World English Bible
They have tails like those of scorpions,
and stings. In their tails
they have power to harm men for five months.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And they had tails like scorpions
and a sting in their tails,
and their authority is to hurt people for five months.
APNT
And they had tails like a scorpion
and stings in their tails
and their authority [was] to hurt men [for] five months.
Revelation 9:10 - and they had tails like scorpions, and had a stinger in their tail. And they had power to harm the people for five months (long).
And they had power ... five months ... - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek MHT reads: "And they had power in their tails to harm men, five months ... '' The reading of the Greek NA28 and TR reads: to inflict, five months ... '
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Do you think Revelation 9:11 originally had:
"Abaddon in Hebrew... Apollyon in Greek"?
"Abaddo in Hebrew... Shara in Aramaic"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:11
King James Bible
And they had a king over them, which is the angel of the bottomless pit, whose name in the Hebrew tongue is Abaddon, but in the Greek tongue hath his name Apollyon.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And there is a King over them, the Angel of The Abyss, whose name in Hebrew is Avadu, and in Aramaic his name is Shara.
Revelation 9:11 - They had a king over them, the angel of the abyss. His name is "Abaddo" in Hebrew and "Shara" in Aramaic.
explanation - the text gives the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads: "They had over them as king the angel of the abyss, in Hebrew his name is Abaddon and in Greek he has the name Apollion.' The Hebrew name 'Abaddo' or 'Abaddon' probably stands for 'slave' or 'servant'. The Aramaic name "Shara" probably means "strong" or "faithful". The Greek names Abaddon and Apollion, which we find in the reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR (while the Aramaic names are missing), both mean "destroyer".
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Do you think Revelation 9:15 originally had:
"third part of"
"third of"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:15
King James Bible
And the four angels were loosed, which were prepared for an hour, and a day, and a month, and a year, for to slay the third part of men.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And those four Angels were released who were prepared for an hour and for a day and for a month and for a year, to kill a third of the children of men.
Revelation 9:15 - The four angels, who stood ready for the hour and the day and the month and the year, were released to kill a third of the people.
a third - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of... reads: "a third part".
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Do you think Revelation 9:17 originally had:
"fire and brimstone and smoke"?
"fire and smoke and brimstone"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"jacinth"?
"chalcedony"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:17
King James Bible
And thus I saw the horses in the vision, and them that sat on them, having breastplates of fire, and of jacinth, and brimstone: and the heads of the horses were as the heads of lions; and out of their mouths issued fire and smoke and brimstone.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And in this way I saw the horses in a vision, and those sitting upon them had breastplates of fire and Chalcedony brimstone, and the heads of the horses were like the heads of lions, and fire and brimstone and smoke proceeded from their mouths.
Revelation 9:17, based on Greg Glaser's interlinear of Crawford, dukhrana.com
And to those sitting/seats upon them having armor/pulses/joints of fire/mirror and chalcedony.
And the skulls of sulphur/brimstone of their harnessed horses [were] like skulls of lions.
And from their mouths/entrances/edges/swords goes out fire and sulfur/brimstone and smoke.
Revelation 9:17 - So I saw the horses in the vision, and those who sat on them had fire (red), chalcedony (blue), and sulfur (yellow) armor of the breasts and the horses 'heads were like lions' heads and came out of their beaks fire and brimstone and smoke.
chalcedon [(blue)] - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. Chalcedony is a gemstone with a color close to hyacinth blue. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR is "hyacinth".
fire and brimstone and smoke - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads, "fire and smoke and brimstone," a slightly different order, also in vs. 18.
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Do you think Revelation 9:18 originally had:
"a third part"?
"a third"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"fire... smoke... sulfur"?
"fire... sulfur... smoke"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:18
New International Version
A third of mankind was killed by the three plagues of fire, smoke and sulfur that came out of their mouths.
King James Bible
By these three was the third part of men killed, by the fire, and by the smoke, and by the brimstone, which issued out of their mouths.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And by these three scourges a third of the children of men were killed: by the fire, by the brimstone and by the smoke that proceeded from their mouths,
Revelation 9:18 - These three plagues killed a third of the people: by the fire and by the sulfur and by the smoke that came out of their basins.
a third - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the... TR reads: "a third part".
through the fire and through the sulfur and through the smoke - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT, and TR reads, "through the fire and the smoke and the sulfur," a slightly different order, also in vs. 17.
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Do you think Revelation 9:19 originally had:
"For their power is in their mouth"?
"For the power of the horses [was] in their mouth"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
"their tails, for their tails are like serpents with heads, and with them they do harm"?
"their tails"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:19
New International Version
The power of the horses was in their mouths and in their tails; for their tails were like snakes, having heads with which they inflict injury.
King James Bible
For their power is in their mouth, and in their tails: for their tails were like unto serpents, and had heads, and with them they do hurt.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
Because the power of the horses was in their mouths, and also in their tails.
Rev 9:19 (APNT)
https://aramaicdb.lightofword.org/en/new...ons-search
because the power of the horses [was] in their mouth[s] and also in their tails.
Revelation 9:19 - For the power of the horses is in their jaws and also in their tails.
For the power of the horses - this is the reading of the Aramaic Peshitta and of the Greek NA28 and MHT. The reading of the Greek TR is the reading: "For their power ...".
in their beaks and in their tails - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The Greek NA28, MHT, and TR read: "In their mouths and in their tails, for their tails are like serpents with heads, and with them they do harm."
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Do you think Revelation 9:20 originally had:
"stone and wood"?
"wood and stone"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:20
King James Bible
And the rest of the men which were not killed by these plagues yet repented not of the works of their hands, that they should not worship devils, and idols of gold, and silver, and brass, and stone, and of wood: which neither can see, nor hear, nor walk:
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the rest of the children of men who were not killed by the scourges did not turn from the work of their hands to not worship Devils and idols of gold, of silver and of brass, and of wood and of stone, which do not see, neither hear, nor are able to walk.
Revelation 9:20 - The rest of the people who were not killed by these plagues did not turn from the work of their hands because of the evil spirits and the idols of gold, silver, brass, wood, and stone that do not see and hear and don't walk, to worship,
wooden and stones - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR is just the other way around: "stones and wooden".
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Do you think Revelation 9:21 originally had:
"murders... sorceries... sexual immorality... thefts"?
"murders... drug use... sexual immorality"?
"murders... sorceries... sexual immorality"? (the Crawford ms. contains that)
Revelation 9:21
New International Version
Nor did they repent of their murders, their magic arts, their sexual immorality or their thefts.
King James Bible
Neither repented they of their murders, nor of their sorceries, nor of their fornication, nor of their thefts.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And they did not turn from their murders or from their witchcraft or from their fornication.
Rev 9:21 (APNT)
https://aramaicdb.lightofword.org/en/new...ons-search
And they did not repent of their murders or of their sorceries or of their fornication.
Revelation 9:21 - And they did not repent of their murders and of their sorceries and of their fornication.
sorceries - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta and the Greek NA28 and TR. The first meaning of the linguistic root associated with it has the meaning of "to be mute" or "to be numb." When someone is under a spell, he is speechless. Just like someone is in a trance, because in both cases someone else takes over the control of your consciousness. Therefore, there is also a linguistic connection with "stiffening" or "being petrified" or "dumbfounded. Only in the reading of the Greek MHT do we find the word "medicines" or "drugs" instead of "sorcery". [is that right?] But we can place "medicines" and "drugs", and certainly the latter, when we "fall into a trance" or, if necessary, "hallucinate". At this time they are sometimes referred to as "zombies". Enchanted people are therefore "zombies".
and of their fornication - this is the reading of the Aramean Peshitta. The reading of the Greek NA28, MHT and TR reads below: "and of their thefts".
Do you think Rev 9:10 originally spoke of:
the use and administering of drugs?
the use of drugs to poison?
φαρμάκων/ φαρμακιῶν to be understood as Greek with a semitic-language-derived meaning of 'sorcery and black magic'?
google translate to some words at
https://biblehub.com/texts/revelation/9-21.htm
φαρμάκων drugs
φαρμακιῶν pharmacists
Pulpit Commentary on Galatians 5:20
https://biblehub.com/commentaries/galatians/5-20.htm
Verse 20. - Idolatry, witchcraft (εἰδωλολατρεία φαρμακεία); idolatry, sorcery. .... "Sorcery." The word φαρμακεία, originally denoting the use of drugs merely, means, sometimes, their use for poisoning; but this sense would not be very suitable here. But the nouns φαρμακός, φαρμακεύς, and φαρμακεία, like veneficus and veneficium in Latin, are also often used with reference to the employment of drugs in charms and incantations; and thence of the employment of black arts in general - magic, sorcery, witchcraft; cf. Revelation 9:21; Revelation 21:8; Revelation 22:15; where the Authorized Version gives "sorceries," "sorcerers;" and in the Septuagint, Exodus 7:11, 22; Exodus 8:18 (Authorized Version, "magicians"); Isaiah 47:9, 12 ("enchantments").
Strong's G5331 - pharmakeia
https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lex...ongs=g5331
3x in 3 unique form(s) TR
3x in 3 unique form(s) LXX ....
Outline of Biblical Usage
the use or the administering of drugs
poisoning
sorcery, magical arts, often found in connection with idolatry and fostered by it
metaph. the deceptions and seductions of idolatry
.... φαρμακεία pharmakeía, far-mak-i'-ah; from G5332; medication ("pharmacy"), i.e. (by extension) magic (literally or figuratively):—sorcery, witchcraft.
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 5331: φαρμακεία
φαρμακεία (WH κια, so T (except in Galatians 5:20; cf. the Proleg., p. 88); see Iota), φαρμακείας, ἡ (φαρμακεύω);
a. the use or the administering of drugs (Xenophon, mem. 4, 2, 17).
b. poisoning (Plato, Polybius, others): Revelation 9:21 (here WH text Tr marginal reading φαρμακῶν; many interpretations refer the passage to the next entry).
c. sorcery, magical arts, often found in connection with idolatry and fostered by it: Galatians 5:20 (where see Lightfoot) (Wis. 12:4 Wis. 18:13; for כְּשָׁפִים, Isaiah 47:9; for לָטִים, Exodus 7:22; Exodus 8:18; for לְהָטִים, Exodus 7:11); tropically, of the deceptions and seductions of idolatry, Revelation 18:23.
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A Student's Guide to New Testament Textual Variants, 1 minor tweak
http://bible.ovc.edu/terry/tc/lay30rev.htm
Revelation 9:21:
TEXT: "not repent of their murders nor of their sorcerous drugs nor"
EVIDENCE: p47 S C 1006 1611 1854 Maj(K,B) cop(north)
TRANSLATIONS: none
RANK: C
NOTES: "not repent of their murders nor of their sorceries nor"
EVIDENCE: A P 046 1 94 2053 2344 Maj(A,C) syr(p,h) most cop(south)
TRANSLATIONS: KJV ASV RSV NASV NIV NEB TEV
OTHER: "not repent of their murders nor"
EVIDENCE: two lat one cop(south)
COMMENTS: There are only one or two letters' (depending on how "sorceries" is spelled) difference between "sorcerous drugs" and "sorceries."
////////////////
http://dukhrana.com/lexicon/word.php?adr...ize=125%25
1 black magic arts, sorcery ....
her sorceries are many .... dogs of sorcery .... the Egyptian sorcerers also did it with their sorcery .... her many sorceries .... he led the people astray with his sorcery .... to overturn sorcery and magical practices .... a man must not bewitch grooms and brides with sorcery.
2 incantations Syr. (a) magical devices containing incantations ....
he buries incantations against him in a place and damages him.
http://dukhrana.com/peshitta/analyze_ver...ize=125%25
1 prostitution, fornication ....
debauchery, destructive acts, and fornication in it ....
2 fig. : unfaithfulness to God ....
Zimri, because of his whoring, twenty-four thousand of Israel fell....
(a) proper punishment thereof ....
they shall wander in this desert for forty years and receive the punishment for their whoring.